Elon Musk runs several companies on famously little sleep, so his supplement stack gets a lot of attention. The honest picture: he keeps it minimal and is openly skeptical of taking anything you don't actually need. The one supplement he has discussed in his own words is creatine — everything else below is the evidence-based foundation that supports the things he has talked about publicly: cognition, testosterone, and surviving a brutal schedule. Prescription items he has mentioned are listed at the end for context only, not as products to buy.
Creatine
Creatine is the one supplement Musk has talked about directly. On the Joe Rogan Experience (2023) he framed it as effectively a nootropic, pointing to evidence that it helps preserve cognition under sleep deprivation, on top of its decades of data for strength and power. For someone who routinely runs on minimal sleep, that cognitive angle is the real draw.
The protocol is simple: 5 g of creatine monohydrate daily, timing doesn't matter, no need to load. See a tested creatine monohydrate →
Vitamin D3
Vitamin D underpins immunity, mood and healthy testosterone, and most people who work indoors run low. Musk has engaged the vitamin-D conversation publicly (in a January 2024 post he pushed back on the claim that 95% of Americans are deficient), though he hasn't said he supplements it himself. As a foundation it is one of the highest-value, lowest-cost additions, ideally paired with K2. See a D3 + K2 →
Omega-3 (Fish Oil)
EPA and DHA support brain and cardiovascular health, sensible insurance for anyone under sustained cognitive load. Aim for 1 to 2 g of combined EPA/DHA per day from a quality fish oil. See a high-EPA fish oil →
Magnesium
Musk's sleep struggles are well documented. Magnesium, in the gentle glycinate form, supports sleep quality, stress resilience and muscle recovery without the grogginess of a sleep drug. Most people do well with 300 to 400 mg in the evening. See magnesium glycinate →
Zinc
Musk has been vocal that, in his words, testosterone rocks. Zinc is one of the few minerals with a genuine role in maintaining healthy testosterone and immune function, especially for people who train hard. 15 to 30 mg daily with food is plenty. See a zinc supplement →
Vitamin B12
B12 drives energy metabolism and nerve function. It is worth taking Musk's general stance to heart here: supplement what your bloodwork actually shows you are low on, rather than everything at once. B12 earns its place mainly if you are vegetarian or genuinely deficient. See a B12 →
What about his prescriptions?
For completeness: Musk has acknowledged prescription medications that are not supplements and are not linked here. In December 2024 he confirmed using Mounjaro (tirzepatide) for weight management, after earlier referencing Wegovy/Ozempic (Fortune, 2024). These are doctor-prescribed treatments and sit outside the scope of an over-the-counter supplement list.
References
Kreider, R. B., et al. (2017). International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: safety and efficacy of creatine supplementation. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 14, 18.
Avgerinos, K. I., et al. (2018). Effects of creatine supplementation on cognitive function. Experimental Gerontology, 108, 166-173.
Pilz, S., et al. (2011). Effect of vitamin D supplementation on testosterone levels in men. Hormone and Metabolic Research, 43(3), 223-225.
The Joe Rogan Experience (2023) — Elon Musk on creatine and cognition.
Fortune (Dec 2024) — Elon Musk confirms Mounjaro for weight loss.
Beyond the OTC supplements above, Musk has publicly mentioned a prescription GLP-1 (Mounjaro/tirzepatide) for weight management. It is doctor-prescribed, not a supplement, and is noted here for context only.